Nonspecific ST-segment and T-wave changes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
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Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Non Specific ST segment and T Wave changes
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Anxiety
- Central nervous system diseases
- Congestive heart failure
- Gallbladder disease
- Heart failure
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperventilation (in 70% of patients after 30 to 60 seconds)
- Hypokalemia
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Ischemic heart disease
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
- Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
- Orthostatic changes (3 to 23%), most prominent in the inferior leads
- Pacemaker
- Pancreatitis
- Pheochromocytoma
- Postprandial T-waves changes. One of the most common causes. 50% of patients will have normal EKGs when repeated in the fasting state.
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pericarditis
- Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)
- Truncal vagotomy
References
1. Hammill S. C. Electrocardiographic diagnoses: Criteria and definitions of abnormalities, Chapter 18, MAYO Clinic, Concise Textbook of Cardiology, 3rd edition, 2007 ISBN 0-8493-9057-5
Additional resources
- ECGpedia: Course for interpretation of ECG
- The whole ECG - A basic ECG primer
- 12-lead ECG library
- Simulation tool to demonstrate and study the relation between the electric activity of the heart and the ECG
- ECG information from Children's Hospital Heart Center, Seattle
- ECG Challenge from the ACC D2B Initiative
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Diseases and Conditions Index
- A history of electrocardiography
- EKG Interpretations in infants and children