Unconsciousness
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: LOC: non responsive; unresponsive; non-responsive; non-responsiveness; unresponsiveness; lack of responsiveness; lack of response; reduced alertness; disturbance of consciousness; decreased level of consciousness; decreased LOC; decreased consciousness; partial loss of consciousness
Overview
Unconsciousness, more appropriately referred to as loss of consciousness or lack of consciousness, is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli.
Causes
Common Causes
- Alcohol
- Brownout or greyout, a partial loss of consciousness
- Cardiac arrest
- Coma
- Fainting
- Fatigue
- Hypnotic drugs
- Sedatives
- Stroke
- Syncope
- Traumatic brain injury
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- 1,1-Dichloroethene
- 1,4-Dioxane
- 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
- 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
- Acetone
- Acetophenone
- Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
- Acute spinal cord injury
- Acute varnish makers' and painters' Naptha
- Airway obstruction
- Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
- Allyl alcohol
- Allyl chloride
- Allyl trichloride
- Acute altitude sickness
- Aluminum phosphide
- Amidithion
- Amiton
- Amitriptyline
- Amoxapine
- Anemia
- Anencephaly
- Aniline
- Anoxia
- Antifreeze
- Antipsychotic agents
- Arginosuccinic aciduria
- Asphyxiation
- Athyl-Gusathion
- Atropine
- Azinophos-methyl
- Azinfos-ethyl
- Azinphosmetile
- Azothoate
- Baclofen
- Barbiturates
- Benoxafos
- Benzodiazepines
- Brain death
- Bromazepam
- Bromophos
- Bupivacaine
- Buprenorphine
- Buspirone
- Cadusafos
- Cannabinoids
- Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency
- Carbon monoxide
- Carbon tetrachloride
- Carbophenothion
- Cardiac arrest
- Carnitine deficiency
- Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency
- Cataplexy
- Chlophedianol
- Chloral hydrate
- Chlorfenvinphos
- Chlorobenzene
- Chloropyrifos
- Chlorpheniramine
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorpyrifos methyl
- Chronic renal failure
- Cinnarizine
- Claviceps purpurea
- Clomipramine
- Clonazepam
- Clotiapine
- Cocaine
- Codeine
- Concussion
- Cone shell
- Cyanides
- Cyanthoate
- Cyclobenzaprine
- Cyclohexanone
- Cycloserine
- Dantrolene
- Decompression sickness
- Demerol
- Demethyldiazepam
- Demeton
- Demeton-methyl
- Demeton-O
- Demeton-O-methyl
- Demeton-S-methyl
- Demeton-S-methylsulphon
- Deserpidine
- Desipramine
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Dialifos
- Diamorphine
- Diazepam
- Diazinon
- Dichloralphenazone
- Dichlorvos
- Dicrotophos
- Diethylene glycol
- Dimethoate
- Dimethyl phthalate
- Dioxathion
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenidol
- Disulfoton
- Dothiepin
- Doxepin
- Earthball
- Efavirenz
- Electric shock
- Endosulfan
- Endothion
- Epidural haemorrhage
- Eszopiclone
- Ethchlorvynol
- Ethinamate
- Ethion
- Ethoate-methyl
- Ethoprophos
- Ethyl mercaptan
- Ethylbenzene
- Ethyl-guthion
- Etrimfos
- Fat embolism
- Fenchlorphos
- Fenitrothion
- Fensulfothion
- Fenthion
- Firearm Injury
- Fits
- Flurazepam
- Fluridrazepam
- Focal seizures
- Fonophos
- Formothion
- Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency
- Fumarase deficiency
- Gabapentin
- Gamma hydroxybutyrate
- Ganaxolone
- General anaesthesia
- Glutethimide
- Guthion-ethyl
- Haloperidol
- Heat stroke
- Hepatic failure
- Heptenophos
- High melting explosive
- Hydrazine
- Hydroxyzine
- Hyperbaric sickness
- Hypermagnesaemia
- Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma
- Hypoglycemia
- Hypothermia
- Hypothyroidism
- Imipramine
- Inhalational anaesthetics
- Insect allergy
- Intracranial abscess
- Intracranial granuloma
- Intracranial haemorrhage
- Iodofenphos
- Iron compounds
- Jet Fuel-4
- Jet Fuel-8
- Levetiracetam
- Levomepromazine
- Lidocaine
- Local anaesthetia
- Lofexidine
- Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
- Lorazepam
- Malaria
- Malathion
- Mecarbam
- Medazepam
- Melatonin
- Meningoencephalitis
- Mephenoxalone
- Meprobamate
- Methacrifos
- Methadone
- Methamidophos
- Methane
- Methaqualone
- Methidathion
- Methiocarb
- Methomyl
- Methyl ethyl ketone
- Methyl mercaptan
- Methyl parathion
- Methyl tert-butyl ether
- Methyldopa
- Methylene Chloride
- Methyprylon
- Metiltriazotion
- Metoclopramide
- Mevinphos
- Mianserin
- Midazolam
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
- Mirtazapine
- Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency
- Monocrotophos
- Morphine
- N,N-Dimethyl-P-Toluidine
- Nabilone
- Naphthalene
- Narcolepsy
- Near-drowning
- Nitrazepam
- Nitroethane
- Nitromethane
- Nitrophenol
- Nitrophenol Urea
- Nitrous oxide
- Nortriptyline
- Novacaine
- Olanzapine
- Omethoate
- Oxazepam
- Oxydeprofos
- Oxydisulfoton
- Parathion
- Parathion Methyl
- Partial seizure
- Penicillin
- Pentaborane
- Pentachlorophenol
- Perazine
- Phencyclidine
- Phenelzine
- Phenkapton
- Phenobarbital
- Phorate
- Phosalone
- Phosdrin
- Phosmet
- Phosphamidon
- Phosphine
- Phoxim
- Pine oil
- Pipothiazine
- Pirimiphos-methyl
- Pituitary apoplexy
- Pizotifen
- Pramipexole
- Prazepam
- Pregabalin
- Primidone
- Primiphos methyl
- Prochlorperazine
- Profenofos
- Progressive myoclonus epilepsy
- Propiomazine
- Propofol
- Propylene glycol dinitrate
- Prothidathion
- Prothoate
- Protriptyline
- Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula
- Pyridine
- Pyrimitate
- Quetiapine
- Quinalphos
- Quintiofos
- Rabies
- Raised intracranial pressure
- Ramelteon
- RDX
- Acute renal failure
- Reserpine
- Ritalin
- Secondarily generalized seizure
- Selenium
- Shock
- Skull fracture
- Sleeping sickness
- Sodium azide
- Sodium hypochlorite
- Sophamide
- Stoddard solvent
- Subarachnoid haemorrhage
- Subdural haemorrhage
- Sulfa antibiotics
- Sulfotep
- Syncope
- Temazepam
- Terbufos
- Tetrachloroethylene
- Tetraethyl Pyrophosphate
- Tetrahydrocannabinol
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Thiamine deficiency
- Thiometon
- Thiopentone
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Tizanidine
- Tolclofos methyl
- Toluene
- Topiramate
- Triazophos
- Triazotion
- Trichlorfon
- Trichloroethane
- Triclofos
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Trifenfos
- Trifluperidol
- Trimipramine
- Ultram
- Unverricht-Lundborg disease
- Ureterosigmoidostomy
- Vamidothion
- Variceal Bleeding
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Vigabatrin
- Vinyl Choride
- Water hemlock poisoning
- Xylene
- Zaleplon
- Ziconotide
- Zinc Phosphide
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
Differentiating Loss of Consciousness from other Disorders
- Loss of consciousness should not be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic unconscious or cognitive processes (e.g., implicit cognition) that take place outside of awareness. Loss of consciousness must not be confused with altered states of consciousness, such as delirium (when the person is confused and only partially responsive to the environment), normal sleep, hypnosis, and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli.
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