Renal cell carcinoma history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms
The classic triad is
- Hematuria (blood in the urine)
- Flank pain
- Abdominal mass
This "classic triad" is infrequently present when the patient first presents for medical attention.
Other signs may include:
- Abnormal urine color (dark, rusty, or brown) due to blood in the urine (found in 60% of cases)
- Loin or groin pain (found in 40% of cases)
- Abdominal mass (25% of cases)
- Malaise, weight loss or anorexia (30% of cases)
- Anemia resulting from depression of erythropoietin (5% of cases)
- Bone pain- the presenting symptom may be due to metastatic disease, such as a pathologic fracture of the hip due to a metastasis to the bone
- Enlargement of one testicle known as varicocele (usually the left, due to blockage of the left gonadal vein by tumor invasion of the left renal vein -- the right gonadal vein drains directly into the inferior vena cava)
- Hirsutism - Excessive hair growth (females)
- Constipation
- Pyrexia of unknown origin
- Renal arteriovenous malformation
- Renal cysts
- Renal enlargement
- Cerebral metastases
- Cutaneous metastasis
- Lung metastases