Intracranial hemorrhage causes

Intracranial hemorrhage Microchapters
Patient Information
Overview
Classification Subdural hematoma Epidural hematoma Subarachnoid hemorrhage Intraventricular hemorrhage Intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Causes
Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes of Intracranial Hemorrhage

Intracranial bleeding occurs when a blood vessel in the head is ruptured or leaks. It can result from physical trauma (as occurs in head injury) or nontraumatic causes (as occurs in hemorrhagic stroke) such as a ruptured aneurysm (ballooning blood vessel).

Extradural Hemorrhage

• Rarely hemorrhage from a fracture gap, injured venous sinus or arachnoid villi
• Skull fracture

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

• After cerebral infarction
• Aneurysm
• Angioma
• Anticoagulant medication
• Hypertension
• Perinatal hemorrhage
• Trauma
• Tumor
• Risk Factors

  • Anticoagulation medication
  • Decreased platelet count
  • Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
  • Embolic strokes
  • Hemophilia
  • Hypertension
  • Sickle Cell Anemia

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

• Alcoholism
• Arteriovenous malformation
• Bacterial Endocarditis
• Brain tumor
• Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)
• Hemorrhagic diathesis
• Hypertension
• Infections
• Leukemia
• Mycotic aneurysm
• Other aneurysms
• Other connective tissue diseases
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Ruptured intracerebral aneurysm
• Smoking

Subdural Hemorrhage

• Acute subdural hematoma
• Subacute subdural hematoma
• Usually due to head injury
• Risk Factors

  • Alcoholism
  • Anticoagulant medication
  • Any disorder that results in falling
  • Chronic use of aspirin
  • Head injury
  • Very young or advanced age