Scoliosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Physical Examination

Skin

• Skin for café au lait spots indicative of neurofibromatosis

Extremities

• Uneven hip and shoulder levels
• Unequal distance between arms and body
• The feet for cavovarus deformity

Neurologic

• Slow nerve action (in some cases)
• Abdominal reflexes
• Muscle tone for spasticity

Others

• Asymmetric size or location of breast in females
• Uneven musculature on one side of the spine
• A rib "hump" and/or a prominent shoulder blade, caused by rotation of the ribcage in thoracic scoliosis