Cirrhosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Causes

Common Causes

Cirrhosis has many possible causes; sometimes more than one cause is present in the same patient. In the Western World, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common causes.

• Alcoholic liver disease
• Chronic hepatitis C
• Chronic hepatitis B
• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
• Primary biliary cirrhosis
• Primary sclerosing cholangitis
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Hereditary hemochromatosis
• Wilson's disease
• Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
• Cardiac cirrhosis
• Galactosemia
• Glycogen storage disease type IV
• Cystic fibrosis
• Drugs or toxins
• Certain parasitic infections (such as schistosomiasis)

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cardiac cirrhosis, Right sided cardiac failure,Constrictive pericarditis, Cor Pulmonale, Tricuspid insufficiency
Chemical / poisoning	Aflatoxin
Dermatologic	Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, Addison-Gull syndrome , Reynolds syndrome , Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
Drug Side Effect	Amiodarone, Ethanol, Isoniazid, Methotrexate, Methyldopa
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Addison-Gull syndrome , Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency , Alström syndrome, Autoimmune cholangiopathy, Autoimmune hepatitis, Bearn-Kunkel syndrome , Bile duct stricture, Biliary atresia, Budd-Chiari Syndrome, Caroli disease, Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, Ceroid storage disease, Cholestasis-oedema syndrome, Norwegian type, Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome, Congenital hepatic fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis, Granulomatous cirrhosis, Hemochromatosis, Hepatic vein thrombosis, Hereditary fructose intolerance,Indian familial childhood cirrhosis, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis , Primary biliary cirrhosis, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Reynolds syndrome , Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome , Wilson disease
Genetic	Abetalipoproteinemia, Alagille syndrome, Alpers disease, Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency ,Alström syndrome, Berardinelli lipodystrophy syndrome, Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1a,Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1b, Caroli disease, Ceroid storage disease , Cholestasis-oedema syndrome, Norwegian type,Congenital hepatic fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis, Fanconi disease, Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, Galactosemia, Glycogen storage disease type IV, Haemosiderosis,Hemochromatosis, Hereditary fructose intolerance, Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, autosomal recessive,Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive, Porphyria cutanea tarda type 2 (familial), Sickle cell disease,Tyrosinaemia type 1, Wilson disease
Hematologic	Budd-Chiari Syndrome, Erythropoietic protoporphyria, Fanconi disease, Haemosiderosis, Hepatic vein thrombosis, Porphyria cutanea tarda type 2 (familial), Sickle cell disease, Thalassemia, Tyrosinaemia type 1
Iatrogenic	Bile duct stricture, Graft versus host disease, Parenteral nutrition
Infectious Disease	Fasciola hepatica, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma japonicum,Schistosoma mansoni, Visceral leishmaniasis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Alpers disease, Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, autosomal recessive
Nutritional / Metabolic	Abetalipoproteinemia, Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1a, Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1b, Ceroid storage disease , Cholesterol ester storage disease, Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, Galactosemia, Glycogen storage disease type IV,Hypervitaminosis A, Parenteral nutrition
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, autosomal recessive
Overdose / Toxicity	Acetaminophen overdose
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, Fanconi disease, Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Autoimmune cholangiopathy, Autoimmune hepatitis, Graft versus host disease, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Primary sclerosing cholangitis, Reynolds syndrome , Sarcoidosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Alcoholic liver disease

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Abetalipoproteinemia
• Acetaminophen overdose
• Addison-Gull syndrome
• Aflatoxin
• Alagille syndrome
• Alcoholic liver disease
• Alpers disease
• Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
• Alström syndrome
• Amiodarone
• Autoimmune cholangiopathy
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Bearn-Kunkel syndrome
• Berardinelli lipodystrophy syndrome
• Bile duct stricture
• Biliary atresia
• Budd-Chiari Syndrome
• Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1a
• Cardiac cirrhosis
• Caroli disease
• Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome
• Ceroid storage disease
• Cholestasis-oedema syndrome, Norwegian type
• Cholesterol ester storage disease
• Congenital hepatic fibrosis
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Cor Pulmonale
• Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome
• Cystic fibrosis
• Erythropoietic protoporphyria
• Ethanol
• Fanconi disease
• Fasciola hepatica
• Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency
• Galactosemia
• Glycogen storage disease type IV
• Graft versus host disease
• Granulomatous cirrhosis
• Haemosiderosis
• Hemochromatosis
• Hepatic vein thrombosis
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Hereditary fructose intolerance
• Hypervitaminosis A
• Indian familial childhood cirrhosis
• Isoniazid
• Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome, autosomal recessive
• Methotrexate
• Methyldopa
• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
• Parenteral nutrition
• Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive
• Porphyria cutanea tarda type 2 (familial)
• Primary biliary cirrhosis
• Primary sclerosing cholangitis
• Reynolds syndrome
• Right sided cardiac failure
• Sarcoidosis
• Schistosomiasis
• Sickle Cell Disease
• Steatohepatitis
• Thalassemia
• Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
• Tricuspid insufficiency
• Tyrosinaemia type 1
• Visceral leishmaniasis
• Wilson disease