Subarachnoid hemorrhage overview

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Microchapters
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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012) Risk Factors/Prevention Natural History/Outcome Clinical Manifestations/Diagnosis Medical Measures to Prevent Rebleeding Surgical and Endovascular Methods Hospital Characteristics/Systems of Care Anesthetic Management Cerebral Vasospasm and DCI Hydrocephalus Seizures Associated With aSAH Medical Complications
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is bleeding into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain, i.e., the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. It may arise due to trauma or spontaneously, and is a medical emergency which can lead to death or severe disability even if recognized and treated in an early stage. Treatment is with close observation, medication and early neurosurgical investigations and treatments. Subarachnoid hemorrhage causes 5% of all strokes. 10-15% die before arriving in hospital, and average survival is 50%.