Bradycardia classification
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Overview
Bradycardia is a decrease in the heart rate due to abnormalities in the atria, AV node or ventricles.
Classification
Classification of Bradycardia According to The Origin of Impulse
| Bradyarrhythmia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The origin of the impulse: Atria | The origin of the impulse: AV junction | The origin of the impulse: Ventricles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Respiratory sinus arrhythmia Sinus bradycardia Low atrial focus bradycardia First degree AV block Second degree AV block Complete or third-degree AV block Sick sinus syndrome | Junctional escape rhythm | Isorhythmic A-V dissociation Slow VT (idioventricular rhythm) Ventricular escape rhythm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Classification of Bradycardia According to The Location of the Abnormality
Atria
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, is usually found in young and healthy adults. Heart rate increases during inhalation and decreases during exhalation. This is thought to be caused by changes in the vagal tone during respiration.[1] If the decrease during exhalation drops the heart rate below 60 bpm on each breath, this type of bradycardia is usually deemed benign and a sign of good autonomic tone.
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus bradycardia is a sinus rhythm of less than 60 bpm. It is a common condition found in both healthy individuals and those who are considered well-conditioned athletes. Studies have found 50-85% of conditioned athletes have benign sinus bradycardia, as compared to 23% of the general population studied.[2] The heart muscle of athletes has become conditioned to have a higher stroke volume, so requires fewer contractions to circulate the same volume of blood.[1]