Nephritic syndrome history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

History and symptoms

Nephritic syndrome is characterized by:

• Hematuria
• Proteinuria
• Headache and blurred vision due to high blood pressure
• Oliguria, defined as low urine output <400 mL/day
• Nocturia
• Edema may or may not be present
• Fatigue and lethargy

Mnemonic: PHAROH = Proteinuria, Hematuria, Azotemia, RBC casts, Oliguria, Hypertension