Ceftizoxime adverse reactions

Ceftizoxime
CEFIZOX® FDA Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Dosage and Administration
How Supplied

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Adverse Reactions

Cefizox® (ceftizoxime injection) is generally well tolerated. The most frequent adverse reactions (greater than 1% but less than 5%) are:

• Hypersensitivity--Rash, pruritus, fever.
• Hepatic--Transient elevation in AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase.
• Hematologic--Transient eosinophilia, thrombocytosis. Some individuals have developed a positive Coombs test.
• Local--Injection site--Burning, cellulitis, phlebitis with IV administration, pain, induration, tenderness, paresthesia.

The less frequent adverse reactions (less than 1%) are:

• Hypersensitivity--Numbness and anaphylaxis have been reported rarely.
• Hepatic--Elevation of bilirubin has been reported rarely.
• Renal--Transient elevations of BUN and creatinine have been occasionally observed with Cefizox.
• Hematologic--Anemia, including hemolytic anemia with occasional fatal outcome, leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia have been reported rarely.
• Urogenital--Vaginitis has occurred rarely.
• Gastrointestinal--Diarrhea; nausea and vomiting have been reported occasionally.

Symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis can appear during or after antibiotic treatment (see WARNINGS).

In addition to the adverse reactions listed above which have been observed in patients treated with ceftizoxime, the following adverse reactions and altered laboratory tests have been reported for cephalosporin­class antibiotics:

Stevens­Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, serum­sickness like reaction, toxic nephropathy, aplastic anemia, hemorrhage, prolonged prothrombin time, elevated LDH, pancytopenia, and agranulocytosis.

Several cephalosporins have been implicated in triggering seizures, particularly in patients with renal impairment, when the dosage was not reduced. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.) If seizures associated with drug therapy occur, the drug should be discontinued. Anticonvulsant therapy can be given if clinically indicated.

References

Adapted from the FDA Package Insert.