Delirium resident survival guide
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [2]
Definition
Delirium is an acute and relatively sudden (developing over hours to days) decline in attention-focus, perception, and cognition.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
- Acute intermittent porphyria
- Acute Liver failure
- Acute Renal failure
- Adrenal cortex insufficiency
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Altitude sickness, acute
- Antihistamines
- Antipsychotics
- Brain abscess
- Brain bleeding
- Brain infection
- Brain or epidural abscess
- Brain tumor
- Burns
- Cabergoline
- Carbon monoxide toxicity
- Carbon tetrachloride
- Cardiac failure
- Cerebral infarction
- Cerebral malaria
- Cerebral oedema
- Cerebrovascular accident
- Chest infection
- Chronic Liver failure
- Chronic Renal failure
- Coproporphyria, hereditary
- Cushing syndrome
- Cyanide
- Daphne poisoning
- Decompression sickness
- Diabetic hypoglycemia
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Drug overdose
- Drug withdrawal
- Electric shock
- Elevated or depressed adrenal function
- Elevated or depressed pancreas function
- Elevated or depressed pituitary function
- Encephalitis
- Encephalitis
- Epidural haemorrhage
- Epileptic seizures
- Ethanol
- Ethylene glycol
- Fat embolism
- Folate deficiency
- Gangrene
- Hallucinogens
- Head injury
- Heart failure
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- Heat stroke
- Heroin
- Hperthyroidism
- Hpherphosphatemia
- Hydrogen sulfide
- Hyomagnesemia
- Hyperbaric sickness
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypercarbia
- Hypereosinophilia
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypernatremia
- Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma
- Hyperosmolar states
- Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Hyperthermia
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyponatremia
- hypoosmolar states
- Hypophosphatemia
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothermia
- Hypothyroidism
- Hypoxemia
- Hypoxemia
- Hypoxia
- Infections
- Intracranial abscess / granuloma
- Intracranial bleeding
- Intraspinal abscess / granuloma
- Jimson weed
- Lead
- Leukemic blast cell crisis
- Lithium
- Liver failure
- Malaria
- Malignant hypertension
- Marijuana
- Meningitis
- Meningoencephalitis
- Mental exhaustion
- Mental stress
- Methanol
- Neurocysticercosis
- Niacin deficiencies
- Nickel Carbonyl poisoning
- Nonconvulsive status epilepticus
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- Organic solvent
- Phaeochromocytoma
- Phencyclidine poisoning
- Pituitary apoplexy
- Plague
- Poison hemlock
- Polycythemia
- Porphyria
- Post-ictal states
- Postoperative stress
- Pyelonephritis, acute
- Quinolones
- Rabies
- Raised intracranial pressure
- Renal failure, acute
- Renal failure, chronic
- Respiratory failure
- Rickettsiae
- Schizoaffective disorder
- Sepsis
- Serotonin syndrome
- Skeletal muscle relaxers
- Skull fracture
- Sleeping sickness (East African)
- Sleeping sickness (West African)
- Subdural empyema
- Surgical wound infection
- Systemic infections
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- Systemic organ failure
- Texas Mescalbean poisoning
- Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency
- Thallium Sulfate poisoning
- Thrombocytosis
- Toluene
- Toxic mushrooms -- Monomethylhydrazine
- Trauma
- Typhoid fever
- Urinary tract infection
- Valproic acid
- Vancomycin resistant enterococcal bacteremia
- Vasculitis
- Venous sinus thrombosis
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Water hemlock poisoning
- Wernicke's encephalopathy
- Wilson's disease
- Withdrawal states from ethanol, benzodiazepines
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