Smallpox physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
Depending on the stage of the disease, the smallpox patient might have different appearances. These may range from
- Asymptomatic, if the patient had contact with someone with smallpox, got the infection and is currently in the incubation period
- Extremely ill, if it is someone who is in the prodromal period, who appears extremely ill, vomiting and fatigued
Vitals
Temperature
- A fever is often present
Rate
- Tachycardia is often present
Blood Pressure
- Hypotension may be present
Skin
- A rash is often present
- Lesions may be present
Eyes
- Icteric sclera may be present
- Nystagmus may be present.
- Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
- Pupils may not react to light
- Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
Throat
- The throat may be erythematous
- There may be exudate in the throat
- There may be petechiae seen in the throat
Abdomen
- Abdominal distention may be present
- Abdominal tenderness may be present
- Hepatomegaly may be present
- Splenomegaly may be present
Extremities
- Edema may be present
Neurologic
- Mental status may be altered
Images
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Man with smallpox -
Smallpox lesions on skin of trunk. Picture taken in Bangladesh, 1973. -
These smallpox pustules are round, smooth, deep, and all at the same stage. -
Smallpox eruptions on arm and palm. -
This photograph depicted a male smallpox patient whose skin displayed the characteristics of late-stage maculopapular scarring on his face, arms and chest.
