Deep vein thrombosis venography

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Editor(s)-In-Chief: The APEX Trial Investigators, C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] ; Kashish Goel, M.D.; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Justine Cadet

Deep Vein Thrombosis Microchapters

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Overview

Venography is the "gold standard" to diagnose venous thrombosis, however it is not the preferred test in clinical settings. It includes injection of contrast into the dorsal foot vein and checking for a intraluminal filling defect that is present in more than one view.

Venography

Potential Problems

It has gone out of favor and is unsuitable for clinical practice because of the following reasons:

  • Invasive procedure
  • Expensive
  • Not available widely
  • Large intra-observer and inter-observer variation
  • Side effects of contrast administration including severe allergy, nephrotoxicity, nausea, dizziness, etc
  • Up to 20% of tests are inadequate for assessment
  • Post-venography DVT (0-2%)

References

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