Salmonellosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [3]
Overview
Risk Factors
Affects all age groups. Groups at greatest risk for severe or complicated disease include infants, the elderly, and persons with compromised immune systems.
Risk factors for salmonellosis include all factors that expose the person to the bacteria, and that create an adequate environment for the infection.[1] These factors include diseases and treatments that affect some of the body's defense mechanisms, including:[2][1]
- Low gastric pH in children
- Low gastric pH from antacids and H2 antagonists
- Pernicious anemia
- Changes in the normal endogenous intestinal flora, possibly caused by antibiotic treatments or surgery
- Malignancy
- Diabetes
- Blockage of reticuloendothelial system, such as malaria or drepanocytosis
- HIV infection
- Immunosuppressive therapies
Salmonella may persist in certain foci in the body, such as locals of anatomical disruptions. These may include:[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hohmann EL (2001). "Nontyphoidal salmonellosis". Clin Infect Dis. 32 (2): 263–9. doi:10.1086/318457. PMID 11170916.
- ↑ Thielman NM, Guerrant RL (2004). "Clinical practice. Acute infectious diarrhea". N Engl J Med. 350 (1): 38–47. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp031534. PMID 14702426.