Cardiac allograft vasculopathy epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

As per data from the Registry of the International Society of Heart and Lung transplantation, the number of reported heart transplants has increased slowly in the recent years, especially in North America.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Donor demographics and characteristics

• In the recent cohort from the ISHLT (International Registry of Heart and Lung Transplant), 69% of the donors are male and the incidence of female donor to male recipient transplantation is seen less frequently than previously.
• Average donor age is 34 years whereas average donor recipient age difference is 16 years.
• The leading cause of donor death was head trauma (46%) whereas the second most common cause was stroke (24%). Donor diabetes and hypertension is rare but increasing steadily. Average ischemia time was 3.3 hours (range 1.6 to 5.1 hours).

Recipient demographics and characteristics

• Cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease are the most frequent diagnoses leading to a heart transplant. The proportion of recipients with cardiomyopathy is increasing over time.