WBR0552
| Author | [[PageAuthor::William J Gibson (Reviewed by Yazan Daaboul, M.D.)]] |
|---|---|
| Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
| Main Category | MainCategory::Anatomy |
| Sub Category | SubCategory::Musculoskeletal/Rheumatology, SubCategory::Vascular |
| Prompt | [[Prompt::A 22-year-old college baseball pitcher presents to his sports medicine physician for shoulder weakness and pain. He reports feeling a sharp pain in his right posterior shoulder after throwing a fastball. The pain was followed by numbness and tingling down his right arm, which persisted for several hours. Physical examination reveals pain with passive internal rotation of the arm and weakness during external rotation of the arm. Which of the following muscles in most likely injured in this patient?]] |
| Answer A | AnswerA::Infraspinatus |
| Answer A Explanation | AnswerAExp::The infraspinatus is a muscle of the rotator cuff that is responsible for lateral rotation of the arm. Injuries of the infraspinatus and its tendon are common among baseball pitchers. |
| Answer B | AnswerB::Subscapularis |
| Answer B Explanation | AnswerBExp::The subscapularis is a large flat muscle that overlies the anterior surface of the scapula (subscapular fossa). It aids in medial rotation and adduction of the arm. |
| Answer C | AnswerC::Supraspinatus |
| Answer C Explanation | [[AnswerCExp::The supraspinatus is a muscle of the rotator cuff that is responsible for the first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction. Injuries of the supraspinatus are the most common cause of rotator cuff injuries. Typically, patients with supraspinatus injuries cannot initiate arm abduction.]] |
| Answer D | AnswerD::Teres minor |
| Answer D Explanation | AnswerDExp::The teres minor is a rotator cuff muscle that is responsible for adduction and lateral rotation of the arm. It is innervated by the posterior branch of the axillary nerve (C5-C6). |
| Answer E | AnswerE::Teres major |
| Answer E Explanation | AnswerEExp::The teres major not a rotator cuff muscle. It is a large, flat muscle that medially rotates and adducts the humerus. It is innervated by the subscapular nerve (C5-C6). |
| Right Answer | RightAnswer::A |
| Explanation | [[Explanation::The patient in this vignette has injured his infraspinatus muscle as a result of large rotational forces during pitching. The infraspinatus muscle is a rotator cuff muscle that is responsible for lateral rotation of the arm. It is innervated by the suprascapular nerve, which originates from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus (C5-C6). Educational Objective: The infraspinatus is a muscle of the rotator cuff that is responsible for lateral rotation of the arm. Injuries of the infraspiantus muscle and its tendon are common among baseball pitchers. |
| Approved | Approved::Yes |
| Keyword | WBRKeyword::Scapula, WBRKeyword::Rotator cuff, WBRKeyword::Upper limb, WBRKeyword::Arm, WBRKeyword::Muscle, WBRKeyword::Tendon, WBRKeyword::Infraspinatus, WBRKeyword::Infraspinatus muscle, WBRKeyword::Rotator cuff injury, WBRKeyword::Shoulder pain, WBRKeyword::Shoulder, WBRKeyword::Shoulder weakness |
| Linked Question | Linked:: |
| Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |