Influenza epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
Incidence
Gender
Age
- Influenza viruses cause disease among persons in all age groups.
- Rates of infection are highest among children, but the risks for complications, hospitalizations, and deaths from influenza are higher among persons aged 65 years and older, young children, and persons of any age who have medical conditions that place them at increased risk for complications from influenza.
- During 1990--1999, estimated average rates of influenza-associated pulmonary and circulatory deaths per 100,000 persons were:[1]
- 0.4-0.6 among persons aged 0-49 years
- 7.5 among persons aged 50-64 years
- 98.3 among persons aged 65 years and older.
Complications
National and Regional Summary of Select Surveillance Components
| HHS Surveillance Regions | Out-patient ILI† | % positive for flu‡ | Number of jurisdictions reporting regional or widespread activity§ | 2009 H1N1 | Type A (H3) | Type A (Subtyping not performed) |
Type B | Pediatric Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nation | Normal | 4.8% | 1 of 54 | 7 | 267 | 405 | 392 | 1 |
| Region 1 | Normal | 1.6% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
| Region 2 | Elevated | 1.1% | 0 of 4 | 1 | 17 | 17 | 11 | 0 |
| Region 3 | Normal | 1.7% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 16 | 16 | 69 | 0 |
| Region 4 | Normal | 8.0% | 0 of 8 | 0 | 56 | 290 | 246 | 1 |
| Region 5 | Normal | 2.1% | 0 of 6 | 3 | 28 | 15 | 12 | 0 |
| Region 6 | Normal | 4.3% | 0 of 5 | 2 | 32 | 26 | 69 | 0 |
| Region 7 | Normal | 1.9% | 0 of 4 | 0 | 12 | 15 | 9 | 0 |
| Region 8 | Normal | 1.2% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 15 | 5 | 6 | 0 |
| Region 9 | Normal | 3.2% | 1 of 5 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 19 | 0 |
| Region 10 | Normal | 5.5% | 0 of 4 | 0 | 56 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
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*HHS regions (Region 1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT; Region 2: NJ, NY, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands; Region 3: DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV; Region 4: AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN; Region 5: IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI; Region 6: AR, LA, NM, OK, TX; Region 7: IA, KS, MO, NE; Region 8: CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY; Region 9: AZ, CA, Guam, HI, NV; and Region 10: AK, ID, OR, WA). | ||||||||