Pentamidine Isethionate

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Pentamidine Isethionate
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2]

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Black Box Warning

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See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
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Overview

Pentamidine Isethionate is a that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of . There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include .

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

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Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
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Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Pentamidine Isethionate in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
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Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Pentamidine Isethionate in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
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Condition2

There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Pentamidine Isethionate in pediatric patients.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
  • Dosing Information
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Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Pentamidine Isethionate in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Pentamidine Isethionate in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • Condition1

Warnings

Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
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  • Content
  • Description

Precautions

  • Description

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Drug Interactions

  • Drug
  • Description

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA):

  • Pregnancy Category


Pregnancy Category (AUS):

  • Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Pentamidine Isethionate in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Pentamidine Isethionate during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate with respect to nursing mothers.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate with respect to pediatric patients.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentamidine Isethionate in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Pentamidine Isethionate in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Oral
  • Intravenous

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

  • Description

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Overdosage

Acute Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

  • Description

Management

  • Description

Chronic Overdose

There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Pentamidine Isethionate Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

  • Studies suggest that the pentamidine isethionate interferes with microbial nuclear metabolism by inhibition of DNA, RNA, phospholipid and protein synthesis. However, the mode of action is not fully understood.

Structure

  • NebuPent (pentamidine isethionate), an antifungal agent, is a nonpyrogenic lyophilized product. After reconstitution with Sterile Water for Injection, USP, NebuPent is administered by inhalation via the Respirgard® II nebulizer [Marquest, Englewood, CO].
  • Pentamidine isethionate, 4,4’-[1,5-pentane-diylbis(oxy)]bis-benzenecarboximidamid, is a white crystalline powder soluble in water and glycerin and insoluble in ether, acetone, and chloroform.
This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

  • In 5 AIDS patients with suspected Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), the mean concentrations of pentamidine determined 18 to 24 hours after inhalation therapy were 23.2 ng/mL (range 5.1 to 43.0 ng/mL) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and 705 ng/mL (range 140 to 1336 ng/mL) in sediment after administration of a 300 mg single dose via the Respirgard® II nebulizer. In 3 AIDS patients with suspected PJP, the mean concentrations of pentamidine determined 18 to 24 hours after a 4 mg/kg intravenous dose were 2.6 ng/mL (range 1.5 to 4.0 ng/mL) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and 9.3 ng/mL (range 6.9 to 12.8 ng/mL) in sediment. In the patients who received aerosolized pentamidine, the peak plasma levels of pentamidine were at or below the lower limit of detection of the assay (2.3 ng/mL).
  • Following a single 2-hour intravenous infusion of 4 mg/kg of pentamidine isethionate to 6 AIDS patients, the mean plasma Cmax, T 1/2 and clearance were 612 ± 371 ng/mL, 6.4 ± 1.3 hr and 248 ± 91 L/hr respectively. In another study of aerosolized pentamidine in 13 AIDS patients with acute PJP who received 4 mg/kg/day administered via the Ultra Vent® jet nebulizer, peak plasma levels of pentamidine averaged 18.8 ± 11.9 ng/mL after the first dose. During the next 14 days of repeated dosing, the highest observed Cmax averaged 20.5 ± 21.2 ng/mL. In a third study, following daily administration of 600 mg of inhaled pentamidine isethionate with the Respirgard® II nebulizer for 21 days in 11 patients with acute PJP, mean plasma levels measured shortly after the 21st dose averaged 11.8 ± 10.0 ng/mL. Plasma concentrations after aerosol administration are substantially lower than those observed after a comparable intravenous dose. The extent of pentamidine accumulation and distribution following chronic inhalation therapy are not known.
  • In rats, intravenous administration of a 5 mg/kg dose resulted in concentrations of pentamidine in the liver and kidney that were 87.5 and 62.3-fold higher, respectively, than levels in those organs following 5 mg/kg administered as an aerosol.
  • No pharmacokinetic data are available following aerosol administration of pentamidine in humans with impaired hepatic or renal function.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

How Supplied

Storage

There is limited information regarding Pentamidine Isethionate Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

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Package and Label Display Panel

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Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Pentamidine Isethionate in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Pentamidine Isethionate interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

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  2. ↑ "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)


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