Community-acquired pneumonia overview

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Community-acquired pneumonia is a disease in which individuals who have not recently been hospitalized develop an infection of the lungs. CAP is a common illness and can affect people of all ages. It often causes problems like breathing difficulties, fever, chest pains, and a cough. CAP occurs when the alveoli become filled with fluid and cannot work effectively. It occurs throughout the world and is a leading cause of illness and death. Causes of CAP include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. CAP can be diagnosed by its symptoms and a physical examination alone, though x-rays, examinations of the sputum, and other tests are often used. CAP is primarily treated with antibiotic medication. Some forms of CAP can be prevented by vaccination.

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology Causes Differentiating Community-acquired pneumonia from other Diseases Epidemiology and Demographics Risk Factors Natural History, Complications and Prognosis Diagnosis Diagnostic Criteria CURB-65 Pneumonia Severity Index History and Symptoms Physical Examination Laboratory Findings Chest X Ray CT Ultrasound Other Diagnostic Studies Treatment Medical Therapy Primary Prevention Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy Future or Investigational Therapies

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