Arterial bruit

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]

Synonyms and keywords: arterial murmur

Overview

Arterial bruits is the term for the unusual swishing sound that blood makes when it rushes past an obstruction (called turbulent flow) in an artery when the sound is auscultated with the bell portion of a stethoscope.

Causes

Common Causes

• Aortic coarctation
• Arterial aneurysm
• Arteriosclerosis
• Arteriosclerotic plaque
• Arteriovenous fistula
• Carotid artery stenosis
• Carotid atherosclerosis
• Carotid-cavernous fistula
• Peripheral vascular disease

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Abdominal aortic aneurysm, aortic arch atheroma, aortic coarctation, aortic regurgitation, arterial aneurysm, arteriosclerosis, arteriosclerotic plaque, arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft, congenital constricted arteries, high output cardiac failure, hyperdynamic circulation, increased blood flow, intimal proliferation, mitral valve regurgitation, patent ductus arteriosus, peripheral vascular disease, renal artery stenosis, secondary hypertension, stroke, Takayasu arteritis, thromboembolism, transient ischemic attack, vasculitis
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Subclavian artery stenosis, vasculitis
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	Carotid artery dissection
Endocrine	Hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Celiac artery compression syndrome, hepatocellular carcinoma, thyroid artery dilation, vasculitis
Genetic	Fibromuscular dysplasia
Hematologic	Anemia
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Peripheral vascular disease, stroke, subclavian artery stenosis, transient ischemic attack, vasculitis
Neurologic	Arteriosclerotic plaque, carotid artery dissection, carotid artery stenosis, carotid atherosclerosis, carotid-cavernous fistula, dissection of vessel wall, fibromuscular dysplasia, Neck trauma with damage to the carotid artery, stroke, subclavian artery stenosis, subclavian steal syndrome, Takayasu arteritis, temporal arteritis, tortuous carotid arteries, transient ischemic attack, vasculitis, vertebral artery stenosis
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Pregnancy
Oncologic	Hepatocellular carcinoma
Ophthalmologic	Carotid artery stenosis, carotid atherosclerosis, carotid artery dissection, dissection of vessel wall, temporal arteritis, thyrotoxicosis, vasculitis
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Thromboembolism, thyroid artery dilation, vasculitis
Renal/Electrolyte	Renal artery stenosis, Takayasu arteritis, vasculitis
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Temporal arteritis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Neck trauma with damage to the carotid artery, vascular trauma
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Congenital constricted arteries, hemodialysis, vasculitis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm
• Anemia
• Aortic arch atheroma
• Aortic coarctation
• Aortic regurgitation
• Arterial aneurysm
• Arteriosclerosis
• Arteriosclerotic plaque
• Arteriovenous fistula
• Arteriovenous graft
• Carotid artery stenosis
• Carotid atherosclerosis
• Carotid artery dissection
• Carotid-cavernous fistula
• Celiac artery compression syndrome
• Congenital constricted arteries
• Dissection of vessel wall
• Fibromuscular dysplasia
• Hemodialysis
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• High output cardiac failure
• Hyperdynamic circulation

• Hyperthyroidism
• Increased blood flow
• Intimal proliferation
• Mitral valve regurgitation
• Neck trauma with damage to the carotid artery
• Patent ductus arteriosus
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Pregnancy
• Renal artery stenosis
• Secondary hypertension
• Stroke
• Subclavian artery stenosis
• Subclavian steal syndrome
• Takayasu arteritis
• Temporal arteritis
• Thromboembolism
• Thyroid artery dilation
• Thyrotoxicosis
• Transient ischemic attack
• Vascular trauma
• Vasculitis
• Vertebral artery stenosis