Listeriosis risk factors
|
Listeriosis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Listeriosis risk factors On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Listeriosis risk factors |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Listeriosis risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]
Overview
The ingestion of uncooked meats and vegetables, unpasteurized (raw) milk and cheeses, processed (or ready-to-eat) meats, and smoked seafood is a risk factor for listeriosis.[1] Immunosuppressed patients, neonates, pregnant women, and elderly patients have higher risk of contracting listeriosis.[2]
Risk Factors
Contaminated Food
- Uncooked meats and vegetables
- Unpasteurized (raw) milk and cheeses as well as other foods made from unpasteurized milk
- Cooked or processed foods, including certain soft cheeses
- Processed eady-to-eat meats, such as hot dogs and deli meats (contamination may occur after factory cooking but before packaging or even at the deli counter)
- Smoked seafood
- Mexican-style cheeses (such as queso fresco)[1]
People at Risk
Pregnant Women
About one in seven (14%) cases of listeriosis occurs during pregnancy. Pregnant women are about 10 times more likely than the general population to be infected. Pregnant Hispanic women are about 24 times more likely than the general population to get listeriosis.[3]
Older Adults
More than half (58%) of Listeria infections occur among adults older than 65 years of age. Adults 65 years and older are about 4 times more likely than the general population to be infected.[3]
Immnosuppression
Immunosupressed individuals have a higher risk for infection due to underlying medical conditions such as cancer and immunosuppresive therapy (i.e., steroids, chemotherapy, radiation, Monoclonal antibodiessuch as Vedolizumab), liver or kidney disease, diabetes, alcoholism, and HIV/AIDS). AIDS patients are almost 300 times more likely to get listeriosis than people with normal immune systems.
Newborn Babies
Newborn babies suffer the most serious effects of listeriosis in pregnancy.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Listeria (Listeriosis) Sources. CDC.gov accessed on 7/25/2014 [1]
- ↑ Lorber, B. (1997). "Listeriosis". Clin Infect Dis. 24 (1): 1–9, quiz 10-1. PMID 8994747. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Vital signs: Listeria illnesses, deaths, and outbreaks--United States, 2009-2011". MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 62 (22): 448–52. 2013. PMID 23739339. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)