Community-acquired pneumonia history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of pneumonia include cough, fever, dyspnea, and chest pain. Atypical symptoms include arthralgia, headaches, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Elderly patients do not always show the classical signs of pneumonia, and may often present with delirium, confusion, falls, and hypothermia.

History

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

The common features of community acquired pneumonia are:

Fever
Cough
Chest pain mainly pleuritic type
Dyspnea
Sputum production

Sputum color may help in detecting the causative agent of the pneumonia.

Mucopurulent is a typical feature suggesting bacterial etiology
Watery or clear fluid points out towards atypical bacteria and virus.
Rusty coloured sputum is more typical of pneumococal pneumonia.
Rapid, shallow breathing

Atypical or uncommon symptoms

The other atypical or less common features of pneumonia are:^[1]

Fever with chills or rigors
Other system may also be involved like gastrointestinal which present with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
If pneumonia is very severe the patient may also have altered consciousness.

Elderly

The manifestations of pneumonia, like those for many conditions, might not be typical in older people. They may instead experience:

Confusion^[2]
Delirium
Falls
Hypothermia

Infant

Increased sleepiness
Jaundice
Feeding difficulties^[3]

References

↑ Marrie, TJ. (1994). "Community-acquired pneumonia". Clin Infect Dis. 18 (4): 501–13, quiz 514-5. PMID 8038304. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Waterer, GW.; Kessler, LA.; Wunderink, RG. (2006). "Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia". Chest. 130 (1): 11–5. doi:10.1378/chest.130.1.11. PMID 16840376. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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[Marrie-1994-1] Marrie, TJ. (1994). "Community-acquired pneumonia". Clin Infect Dis. 18 (4): 501–13, quiz 514-5. PMID 8038304. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[Waterer-2006-2] Waterer, GW.; Kessler, LA.; Wunderink, RG. (2006). "Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia". Chest. 130 (1): 11–5. doi:10.1378/chest.130.1.11. PMID 16840376. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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