Sandbox g12

• Risk categories for antimicrobial agents known to have an association with TdP

• Drugs with known TdP risk

• Atazanavir (Reyataz®)
• Bosutinib (Bosulif®)
• Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®, Largactil®, Megaphen®)
• Cisapride (Removed from US Market) (Propulsid®)
• Epinephrine (Adrenaline) (Primatene®, Bronkaid®)
• Fingolimod (Gilenya®)
• Gemifloxacin (Factive®)
• Granisetron (Kytril®, Sancuso®, Granisol®)
• Leuprolide (Leuprorelin) (Lupron®, Eligard®, Viadur®, Carcinil®, Enanton®, Leuplin®, Lucrin®, Procren®, Prostap® and others)
• Mirtazapine (Remeron)
• Pasireotide (Signifor®)
• Sorafenib (Nexavar®)

• Drugs with possible TdP risk

• Bedaquiline (Sirturo®)
• Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (Eurartesim®)
• Gatifloxacin (Tequin®)
• Gemifloxacin (Factive®)
• Norfloxacin (Noroxin®, Ambigram®)
• Ofloxacin (Floxin®)
• Roxithromycin (Rulide®, Xthrocin®, Roxl-150®, Roxo®, Surlid®, Rulide®, Biaxsig®, Roxar®, Roximycinv®, Roxomycin®, Rulid®, Tirabicin®, Coroxin®)
• Telavancin (Vibativ®)
• Telithromycin (Ketek®)

• Drugs with conditional TdP risk

• Albuterol (salbutamol) (Proventil®, Ventolin®, Ventolin-HFA®, Accuneb®, Combivent®, Vospire-ER®, ProAir HFA®, Duoneb®)
• Haloperidol (Haldol® (US & UK), Aloperidin®, Bioperidolo®, Brotopon®, Dozic®, Duraperidol® (Germany), Einalon S®, Eukystol®, Halosten®, Keselan®, Linton®, Peluces®, Serenace®, Serenase®, Sigaperidol®)
• Isoproterenol (Medihaler-Iso®, Isuprel®)
• Itraconazole (Sporanox®, Onmel®)
• Methylphenidate (Ritalin®, Concerta®, Focalin®, Daytrana®, Methylin®, Metadate CD®)
• Moexipril/HCTZ (Uniretic®, Univasc®)
• Pimozide (Orap®)
• Quetiapine (Seroquel®)
• Risperidone (Risperdal®)
• Tacrolimus (Prograf®, Prograf®, Advagraf®, Protopic®)
• Vemurafenib (Zelboraf®)

• Drugs to be avoided by congenital Long QT

• Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Septra®, Bactrim®, Sulfatrim®, Biseptol®, Co-trimoxazole®, Cotrim®, Septrin®, Trisul®)

• Torsades de pointes risk stratification schedules for antimicrobial agents

• Schedule I (Highest TdP risk, potent IKr blockers, TdP risk >1%)

• Not available

• Schedule II (Significant risk for TdP, particularly when coadministered with CYP inhibitors, relatively potent IKr blockade)

• Not available

• Schedule III (Risk for TdP is described, IKr blockade, particularly when coadministered with CYP inhibitors)

• Clarithromycin (Biaxin®, Prevpac®)
• Erythromycin (A/T/S®, Akne-Mycin®, Emgel®, Ery-Tab®, Eryc®, Erycette®, Eryderm®, Erygel®)
• Itraconazole
• Ketoconazole
• Pentamidine (Pentam®)
• Sparfloxacin (Zagam®)

• Schedule IV (Minimal risk for TdP, case reports of TdP, mild IKr blockade, may have CYP interactions)

• Fluconazole
• Gatifloxacin
• Gemifloxacin
• Grepafloxacin
• Levofloxacin
• Moxifloxacin
• Telithromycin
• Voriconazole

• Schedule V (Questionable/minimal risk for QT interval prolongation/TdP)

• Azithromycin
• Ciprofloxacin
• Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim