Bronchorrhea
Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Bronchorrhea is the the production of more than 100 mL per day of watery sputum [1]. Chronic bronchitis is a common cause, but it may also be caused by asthma [2], bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, cancer, scorpion sting, organophosphate and other poisonings. Massive bronchorrhea may occur in either bronchioloalveolar cancer, or in metastatic cancer that is growing in a bronchioloalveolar pattern[1][3][4].
Differential Diagnosis of Bronchorrhea
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Treatment
Treatment options include
- gefitinib - epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor [5][6][7][8][9]
- indomethacin [10][11][12]
- corticosteroids [13]
- octreotide [14]
- radiation therapy [15]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lembo T, Donnelly T (1995). "A case of pancreatic carcinoma causing massive bronchial fluid production and electrolyte abnormalities". Chest. 108 (4): 1161–3. PMID 7555132.
- ↑ Shimura S, Sasaki T, Sasaki H, Takishima T (1988). "Chemical properties of bronchorrhea sputum in bronchial asthma". Chest. 94 (6): 1211–5. PMID 2903819.
- ↑ Shimura S, Takishima T (1994). "Bronchorrhea from diffuse lymphangitic metastasis of colon carcinoma to the lung". Chest. 105 (1): 308–10. PMID 8275762.
- ↑ Mito K, Yamakami Y, Kashima K, Mizunoe S, Tokimatsu I, Ichimiya T, Hiramatsu K, Nagai H, Kadota J, Nasu M (2002). "[A case of suspected lung metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma with bronchorrhea similar to bronchioloalveolar carcinoma]". Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. 40 (8): 666–70. PMID 12428395.
- ↑ Kitazaki T, Soda H, Doi S, Nakano H, Nakamura Y, Kohno S (2005). "Gefitinib inhibits MUC5AC synthesis in mucin-secreting non-small cell lung cancer cells". Lung Cancer. 50 (1): 19–24. PMID 16009452.
- ↑ Kitazaki T, Fukuda M, Soda H, Kohno S (2005). "Novel effects of gefitinib on mucin production in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma; two case reports". Lung Cancer. 49 (1): 125–8. PMID 15949598.
- ↑ Milton D, Kris M, Gomez J, Feinstein M (2005). "Prompt control of bronchorrhea in patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma treated with gefitinib (Iressa)". Support Care Cancer. 13 (1): 70–2. PMID 15558327.
- ↑ "Successful treatment of persistent bronchorrhea by gefitinib in a case with Recurrent Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma: a case report". World J Surg Oncol. 1 (1): 8. 2003. PMID 12917017.
- ↑ Yano S, Kanematsu T, Miki T, Aono Y, Azuma M, Yamamoto A, Uehara H, Sone S (2003). "A report of two bronchioloalveolar carcinoma cases which were rapidly improved by treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839 ("Iressa")". Cancer Sci. 94 (5): 453–8. PMID 12824893.
- ↑ Tamaoki J, Kohri K, Isono K, Nagai A (2000). "Inhaled indomethacin in bronchorrhea in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: role of cyclooxygenase". Chest. 117 (4): 1213–4. PMID 10767270.
- ↑ Homma S, Kawabata M, Kishi K, Tsuboi E, Narui K, Nakatani T, Nakata K (1999). "Successful treatment of refractory bronchorrhea by inhaled indomethacin in two patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma". Chest. 115 (5): 1465–8. PMID 10334175.
- ↑ Tamaoki J, Chiyotani A, Kobayashi K, Sakai N, Kanemura T, Takizawa T (1992). "Effect of indomethacin on bronchorrhea in patients with chronic bronchitis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, or bronchiectasis". Am Rev Respir Dis. 145 (3): 548–52. PMID 1546834.
- ↑ Nakajima T, Terashima T, Nishida J, Onoda M, Koide O (2002). "Treatment of bronchorrhea by corticosteroids in a case of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma producing CA19-9". Intern Med. 41 (3): 225–8. PMID 11929186.
- ↑ Hudson E, Lester J, Attanoos R, Linnane S, Byrne A (2006). "Successful treatment of bronchorrhea with octreotide in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung". J Pain Symptom Manage. 32 (3): 200–2. PMID 16939841.
- ↑ Krawtz S, Mehta A, Vijayakumar S, Stoller J (1988). "Palliation of massive bronchorrhea". Chest. 94 (6): 1313–4. PMID 2461277.