Coccidioidomycosis history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Symptoms
Most people infected with the fungi responsible for coccidioidomycosis have minimal to no symptoms.[1] Of those who do develop symptoms, nearly all develop symptoms resembling bronchitis or pneumonia that resolve over a matter of a few weeks. Notable coccidioidomycosis signs and symptoms include a profound feeling of tiredness, fever, cough, headaches, rash, muscle pain, and joint pain.[1] The classic triad of coccidioidomycosis known as "desert rheumatism" includes the combination of fever, joint pains, and erythema nodosum.[1]
Some people do not recover from the initial acute infection and develop a chronic lung infection or widespread disseminated infection (affecting the tissues lining the brain, soft tissues, joints, and bone). Severe lung disease may develop in HIV-infected persons.[2]
Symptoms of coccidioidomycosis include:
- Change in mental status
- Chest pain (can vary from mild to severe)
- Cough, possibly producing blood
- Fever
- Headache
- Joint stiffness and pain
- Loss of appetite
- Muscle aches
- Neck stiffness
- Night sweats
- Painful, red lumps on lower legs (erythema nodosum)
- Sensitivity to light
- Weight loss
- Wheezing
Additional symptoms associated with this disease:
- Ankle or feet swelling
- Enlarged or draning lymph nodes
- Joint swelling
Types
After Coccidioides infection, Coccidioidomycosis begins with Valley fever, which is its initial acute form. If left untreated, it can progress to the chronic form and then to disseminated Coccidioidomycosis. Therefore, Coccidioidomycosis may be divided into the following types:[3]
- Acute coccidioidomycosis, sometimes described in literature as primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis
- Chronic coccidioidomycosis
- Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis, which includes primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedMalo2014 - ↑ Ampel N (2005). "Coccidioidomycosis in persons infected with HIV type 1". Clin Infect Dis. 41 (8): 1174–8. doi:10.1086/444502. PMID 16163637.
- ↑ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.