Diphtheria medical therapy
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]
Medical Therapy=
- 1. Antitoxin
- 1.1 Pharyngeal disease <48 hrs
- Preferred regimen: 20,000-40,000 U IV/IM
- 1.2 Nasopharyngeal
- Preferred regimen: 40-60,000 U IV/IM
- 1.3 Extensive disease, or > 72 hrs
- Preferred regimen: 80-120,000 U IV/IM
- Note: IV administration for severe disease
- 2. Antibiotics
- Preferred regimen: Erythromycin 40 mg/kg/day (Maximum, 2 gm/day) PO/IV for 14 days
- Alternative regimen: Procaine penicillin G 600,000 U/day IM qd for 14 days
- Note: Procaine penicillin G 300,000 U/day for those weighing 10 kg or less
- 3. Preventive antibiotic use
- Note: For close contacts, especially household contacts, a diphtheria booster, appropriate for age, should be given
- Preferred regimen: Benzathine penicillin G
- younger than 6 years old: 600,000 U IM
- 6 years old and older: 1,200,000 U IM
- Alternative regimen: Erythromycin
- Adult: 1 g/day PO 7-10 days
- Pediatric: 40 mg/kg/day PO 7-10 days
- Note (1): If surveillance of contacts cannot be maintained, they should receive benzathine penicillin G
- Note (2): Maintain close surveillance and begin antitoxin at the first signs of illness
References
- ↑ Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.
- ↑ "Diphtheria CDC".