Pheochromocytoma pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Pathophysiology

Traditionally it is known as the "10% tumor":

bilateral disease is present in approximately 10% of patients
approximately 10% of tumours are malignant
approximately 10% are located in chromaffin tissue outside of the adrenal gland
Approximately 10% arise in childhood
Approximately 10% are familial
Approximately 10% recur after being resected
Approximately 10% patients do not have hypertension (Campbell's Urology)

Tumor Location

In adults, 90% tumors are located unilaterally and are solitary, and 10% are located outside the adrenal gland. In children 50% are adrenal, while 25% are bilateral and 25% are extraadrenal. The common extradrenal locations are the abdomen, thorax and urinary bladder.