Teratoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

GCTs arise from primordial germ cells, which migrate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac through the mesentery to the gonads.[4,5] Childhood extracranial GCTs can be divided into the following two types: Gonadal. Extragonadal. Most childhood extragonadal GCTs arise in midline sites (i.e., sacrococcygeal, mediastinal, and retroperitoneal); the midline location may represent aberrant embryonic migration of the primordial germ cells. Childhood extracranial GCTs are broadly classified as the following: Mature teratomas. Immature teratomas. Malignant GCTs. GCTs comprise a variety of histologic diagnoses and can also be divided into the following histologic types: Germinoma. Germinoma. Dysgerminoma (ovary). Seminoma (testis). Nongerminoma. Teratoma (mature and immature). Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor). Choriocarcinoma. Embryonal carcinoma. Gonadoblastoma. Mixed GCT (contains more than one of the histologies above).