Melanoma causes
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Melanoma causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Melanoma causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.
Overview
Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes (e.g. familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome).
Causes
Melanoma may be caused by sporadic genetic mutations (e.g. BRAF and/or N-RAS) or may be part of familial syndromes.
Sporadic Melanoma
- The majority of cases of melanoma are due to sporadic genetic mutations (90%).
- More than one genetic mutations is usually required for the development of melanoma (multiple hit).
- The most common mutations that result in the development of melanoma are BRAF (approximately 50% of melanomas) and N-RAS (approximately 15% of melanomas).
Familial Melanoma
Melanoma may be caused by hereditary diseases (10%) and is associated with mutations of the P16/CDKN2A gene:
- Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM syndrome)
- Melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome