Renal cell carcinoma history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
The common symptoms of renal cell carcinoma include hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, Hypertension, Hypercalcemia, Flushing, Fever, Fatigue, Weight loss, Anorexia, Muscle atrophy.
Symptoms
Patients with renal cell carcinoma typically present at 60-70 years of age. The most common diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma is based on the incidental finding; whereby most patients are asymptomatic. Symptoms are often classified as local and systemic.
Local Symptoms
The presence of local signs is considered a poor prognostic marker[1]. Common local symptoms are listed below[1]:
- Hematuria
- Flank pain
- Palpable abdominal mass
Systemic Symptoms
The presence of systemic symptoms is mostly due to the presence of a paraneoplastic syndrome, mostly due to the presence of parathyroid-related protein (PTHrp) or a metastasis.[1] Common systemic symptoms are listed below[1]:
- Hypertension (renin secretion)
- Hypercalcemia (PTHrp secretion)
- Flushing (Erythroprotein secretion)
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Muscle atrophy
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B (2009). "Renal cell carcinoma". Lancet. 373 (9669): 1119–32. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4. PMID 19269025.