Retinoblastoma pathophysiology
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Morphology
Gross and microscopic appearances of retinoblastoma are identical in both hereditary and sporadic types. Macroscopically, viable tumor cells are found near blood vessels, while zones of necrosis are found in relatively avascular areas. Microscopically, both undifferentiated and differentiated elements may be present. Undifferentiated elements appear as collections of small, round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei; differentiated elements include Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes, Homer-Wright rosettes and fluerettes from photoreceptor differentiation.
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Drawing of a large retinoblastoma
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Aspect of trilateral retinoblastoma on MRI
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An ocular ultrasound of a large retinoblastoma tumor within the eye of a three-year-old boy
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Funduscopic finding of a retinoblastoma
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Ocular fundus aspect of retinoblastoma
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Gross pathology of retinoblastoma tumor in enucleated eye of three-year-old female
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Large exophytic white tumor with foci of calcification producing total exudative retinal detachment
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Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes in Retinoblatoma
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Retinoblastoma, 400 X magnification
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Crystal structure of the Retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein bound to E2F peptide Polymer.
