Ganglioglioma pathophysiology
|
Ganglioglioma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Ganglioglioma pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ganglioglioma pathophysiology |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Ganglioglioma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
A ganglioglioma arises from neuronal glial cells, which are cells of the central nervous system. On gross pathology, a ganglioglioma varies from being a partially cystic mass with a mural nodule to a solid mass expanding the overlying gyrus. On microscopic pathology, a ganglioglioma is composed of ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells with positive staining for synaptophysin, neuronal specific enolase, and GFAP.
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Development of ganglioglioma is the result of multiple genetic mutations. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of ganglioglioma include p53 and p16.[1]
Gross Pathology
- Ganglioglioma is commonly located in the following regions of the central nervous system:[2]
- Their appearance is variable: from a partially cystic mass with an mural nodule (~45% of cases) to a solid mass expanding the overlying gyrus.
Microscopic Pathology
Gangliogliomas are composed of two cell populations:[2]
- Ganglion cells (large mature neuronal elements): ganglio-
- Neoplastic glial elements (astrocytic): -glioma
The glial component determines the biological behaviour of ganglioglioma. Dedifferentiation into high grade tumors may occur, and usually involves the glial component.
Markers
Neuronal origin is demonstrated by positivity to neuronal markers:[2]
- Synaptophysin
- Neuronal specific enolase
- GFAP
References
- ↑ Genetics of ganglioglioma. Oxford journals Neuro-Oncology. http://neuro-oncology.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/2/124.full
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Pathophysiology of ganglioglioma. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ganglioglioma