Ganglioneuroma staging

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

According to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS), there are six stages of ganglioneuroma based on clinical, radiologic, and surgical features.[1]

Staging

According to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS), there are six stages of ganglioneuroma based on clinical, radiologic, and surgical features.[1]

Stage 1

  • Localized tumor confined to the area of origin
  • Complete gross excision, with or without microscopically residual disease
  • Identifiable ipsilateral and contralateral lymph node negative microscopically

Stage 2A

  • Unilateral tumor with incomplete gross excision
  • Identifiable ipsilateral nonadherent lymph node negative microscopically

Stage 2B

  • Unilateral tumor with complete or incomplete gross excision
  • Positive ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes
  • Identifiable contralateral lymph node negtive microscopically

Stage 3

  • Tumor infiltrating across the midline (vertebral column) with or without regional lymph node involvement
or
  • Unilateral tumor with contralateral regional lymph node involvement
or
  • Midline tumor with bilateral regional lymph node involvement or extension by infiltration

Stage 4

  • Dissemination of tumor to distant lymph nodes, bone, bone marrow, liver or other organs (except as defined in stage 4S)

stage 4S

  • Localized primary tumor as defined for stage 1 or 2 with dissemination limited to liver, skin, and/or bone marrow (<10% tumor) in infants younger than 1 yr

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Adam, O; Boia, ES (2007). "ganglioneuroma" (PDF). jurnalul pediatrului. 10 (39–40). Retrieved 10 September 2015.


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