Urethral cancer staging
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Urethral cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Urethral cancer staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Urethral cancer staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Urethral cancer staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Urethral cancer may be classified into several subtypes based on TNM system and the depth of invasion.
Staging
Stage Definitions by Depth of Invasion
- Stage 0 (Tis, Ta): Limited to mucosa
- Stage A (T1): Submucosal invasion
- Stage B (T2): Infiltrating periurethral muscle or corpus spongiosum
- Stage C (T3): Infiltration beyond periurethral tissue
- Female: Vagina, labia, muscle
- Male: Corpus cavernosum, muscle
- Stage D1 (N+): Regional nodes; pelvic and inguinal
- Stage D2 (N+, M+): Distant nodes; visceral metastases
Definitions of TNM [1]
The American Joint Committee on Cancer has designated staging by TNM classification to define urethral cancer.
| TNM | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed. | |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor. | |
| Ta | Noninvasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma. | |
| Tis | Carcinoma in situ. | |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor. | |
| T1 | Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. | |
| T2 | Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, prostate, periurethral muscle. | |
| T3 | Tumor invades any of the following: corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule, anterior vagina, bladder neck. | |
| T4 | Tumor invades other adjacent organs. | |
| Urothelial (Transitional Cell) Carcinoma of the Prostate | ||
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Carcinoma in situ, involvement of the prostatic urethra. | |
| Node | ||
References
- ↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq