Acoustic neuroma classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
Acoustic neuroma may be classified into three subtypes based on clinical, MRI, and microscopic pathology.
Calssification
Based on the MRI scan, acoustic neuromas can be classified into three subtypes:
- Entirely intracanalicular: The entire tumor is completely within the bony canal.
- Intracranial extension without brain stem distortion.
- Intracranial extension with brain stem distortion.
Based on microscopic histopathology, acoustic neuroma can be classified into four subtypes:<ref name="pmid12792904">Kurtkaya-Yapicier O, Scheithauer B, Woodruff JM (2003). "The pathobiologic spectrum of Schwannomas". Histol Histopathol. 18 (3): 925–34. PMID 12792904. </ref
- Conventional schwannoma.
- Cellular schwannoma.
- Plexiform schwannoma.
- Melanotic schwannoma.
Conventional schwannoma: It is the most common. Cellular schwannoma: It may mimic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Plexiform schwannoma: It may mimic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor if cellular- especially in childhood. Melanotic schwannoma: It may be confused with melanoma. It is associated with psammomatous form (psammomatous melanotic schwannoma) and with a heritable disorder (Carney complex). The Carney complex, also known as Carney syndrome, NAME syndrome and LAMB syndrome, is a bunch of things that occur together due to some genetic problem. It consists of:
- Cutaneous lentigines
- Myxomas (skin (subcutaneous), subcutanous, heart).
- Endocrine neoplasms