Glioma natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The prognosis of glioma is poor.
Natural history
Complications
Prognosis
The prognosis of glioma varies with the grade of tumor: WHO grade 1 and WHO grade 4 have the most favorable and worst prognosis, respectively.
The prognosis for glioma depend on the following:[1]
- Type and grade of the tumor
- Tumor is in the brain or spinal cord
- Whether the tumor can be removed by surgery
- Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred.
- DNA methylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter.
- Mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase: IDH1 or IDH2 genes.
- Codeletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q.
Gliomas are rarely curable.
The prognosis for patients with high-grade gliomas is generally poor, and is especially so for older patients. Of 10,000 Americans diagnosed each year with malignant gliomas, about half are alive one year after diagnosis, and 25% after two years.
Those with anaplastic astrocytoma survive about three years.
Glioblastoma multiforme has a worse prognosis with less than a 12-month average survival after diagnosis, though this has extended to 14 months with more recent treatments.[2]
References
- ↑ Prognostic factors of glioma. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/patient/adult-brain-treatment-pdq
- ↑ Rob Stein (May 20, 2008). "Malignant Gliomas Affect About 10,000 Americans Annually". Washington Post.