Multiple myeloma physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Patients with multiple usually appear fatigued and lethargic.^[1]^[2] Physical examination of patients with multiple myeloma is usually remarkable for pallor, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, carpal tunnel syndrome, and signs of cord compression.^[3]^[4] Multiple myeloma affects not only the bone marrow, but also spreads to other organ systems. This therefore, requires a detailed assessment of various organ systems. Any of these physical findings may warrant further evaluation, and thus leads to an incidental diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Physical Examination

General appearance

Lethargic
Fatigued

Vital Signs

Low-grade fever

HEENT

Lymphadenopathy
Conjuctival pallor
Visual defects
Exudative macular detachment
Retinal haemorrhage
Increased fat around the neck
Cotton-wool spots
Shoulder pad sign - amyloid deposition around shoulders.

Abdomen

Hepatomegaly

Skeletal

Skin

CNS

Altered sensation
Dermatomal sensory loss
Polyeuropathy

References

↑ Multiple myeloma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma#Signs_and_symptoms Accessed on September, 20th 2015
↑ Multiple myeloma. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/multiple-myeloma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=mb Accessed on September 20th 2015
↑ Multiple myeloma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma#Signs_and_symptoms Accessed on September, 20th 2015
↑ Multiple myeloma. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/multiple-myeloma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=mb Accessed on September 20th 2015

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] Multiple myeloma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma#Signs_and_symptoms Accessed on September, 20th 2015

[2] Multiple myeloma. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/multiple-myeloma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=mb Accessed on September 20th 2015

[3] Multiple myeloma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma#Signs_and_symptoms Accessed on September, 20th 2015

[4] Multiple myeloma. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/multiple-myeloma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=mb Accessed on September 20th 2015

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