Angiomyolipoma natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]
Overview
Natural History
If left untreated, small angiomyolipomas and those without dilated blood vessels (aneurysms) cause few problems. Angiomyolipomas grow as rapidly as 4 cm in one year.
Prognosis
Small angiomyolipoma are associated with the most favorable prognosis. An angiomyolipoma larger than 5 cm and those containing an aneurysm pose a significant risk of rupture, which is a medical emergency as it is potentially life-threatening. Cumulative risk of haemorrhage is estimated to be:
- 10% in men
- 20% in women
Complications
Common complications of angiomyolipoma include:
- Infection
- Hematuria
- Flank pain
- Shock as a result of spontaneous hemorrhage