Tumor lysis syndrome causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
- Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities resulting from rapid lysis of malignant cells and massive release of cell breakdown products into the blood among patients with hematologic malignancies treated with chemotherapy.
- The most common tumors associated with this syndrome are:
- Poorly differentiated lymphomas, such as Burkitt's lymphoma
- Leukemias, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Causes
Common Causes
- Burkitt's lymphoma
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Chemotherapy including Methotrexate
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect |
Bortezomib, Carfilzomib, Cytarabine, cytotoxic chemotherapy, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride etoposide, fludarabine, glucocorticoids, hydroxyurea, Ibrutinib, imatinib, lenalidomide , Nelarabine, Nilotinib, Ofatumumab, paclitaxel, Pralatrexate, rituximab, thalidomide, Vincristine sulfate liposome zoledronic acid |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia , acute myeloid leukemia, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma , anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast cancer , Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, germ cell tumors , hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hodgkin's disease, isolated plasmacytomas, mantle cell lymphoma, medulloblastoma, melanoma, metastatic colorectal cancer , multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian cancer , rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, thalidomide, transformed lymphoma, urothelial cancer |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy |
No underlying causes|- |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |