Tumor lysis syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]

Overview

If left untreated, patients with tumor lysis syndrome may progress to develop nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, hematuria, palpitations, and muscle cramps. Common complications of tumor lysis syndrome include hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Prognosis is generally good, if not associated with acute renal failure.^[1]

Natural History

If left untreated, patients with tumor lysis syndrome may progress to develop nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, hematuria, heart palpitations, and muscle cramps. Eventually, tumor lysis syndrome may lead to death.^[1] ^[2]

Complications

Life-threatening conditions may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.^[1]

*Acute kidney injury

Prognosis

The prognosis of tumor lysis syndrome is good with treatment and if not associated with renal failure. Without treatment, tumor lysis syndrome will result in cardiac arrhythmia and electrolytes disturbance.^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Coiffier B, Altman A, Pui CH, Younes A, Cairo MS (2008). "Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: an evidence-based review". J Clin Oncol. 26 (16): 2767–78. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.15.0177. PMID 18509186.
↑ Cairo MS, Bishop M (2004). "Tumour lysis syndrome: new therapeutic strategies and classification". Br J Haematol. 127 (1): 3–11. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05094.x. PMID 15384972.

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[pmid18509186-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Coiffier B, Altman A, Pui CH, Younes A, Cairo MS (2008). "Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: an evidence-based review". J Clin Oncol. 26 (16): 2767–78. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.15.0177. PMID 18509186.

[pmid15384972-2] Cairo MS, Bishop M (2004). "Tumour lysis syndrome: new therapeutic strategies and classification". Br J Haematol. 127 (1): 3–11. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05094.x. PMID 15384972.

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