Carcinoid syndrome CT

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On chest CT scan, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary pulmonary nodule, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar mass with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.

CT

Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High Resolution CT Chest

Findings on CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:

• Most are discovered as an incidental rounded solitary pulmonary nodule.
• The size at diagnosis can vary but usually reported to be range around 10-30mm.
• Many have lobulated margin with an average Hounsfield value on post contrast imaging at around 50.
• Imaging features are often non specific and tissue diagnosis is essential in determining diagnosis.

Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor High Resolution CT Chest

Findings on CT scan suggestive of bronchial carcinoid tumor include:

• A single hilar or perihilar mass which is usually well-defined, round or ovoid.
• Can be of any size but typically range ~2-5 cm.
• There is often marked homogeneous contrast enhancement due to high vascularity.
• Calcification (usually eccentric) can occur but is not a common feature.

Thymic Carcinoid

On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.

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