Pituitary adenoma natural history, complications, and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pituitary adenoma natural history, complications, and prognosis
Complications
Complications associated with pituitary adenoma usually arise from prolonged oversecretion or undersecretion of one or more of the pituitary hormones, complication may include:[1][2][3]
- Gigantism
- Acromegaly
- Cushing's syndrome
- Hyperpituitarism
- Pituitary apoplexy
- Central diabetes insipidus
- Bitemporal hemianopia
- Invasion into the cavernous sinus with occasional compression of the:
- Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
- Abducens nerve (CN VI)
- Hydrocephalus (seen in large adenoma)
Prognosis
- The prognosis of pituitary adenoma is generally good. However, recurrent symptoms require further intervention.
- Approximately 18% of patients with macroadenoma require further treatment.[4]
References
- ↑ Pituitary adenoma https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_adenoma. 9 29 2015
- ↑ Gigantism http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/acromegaly-and-gigantism
- ↑ http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/cushings-syndrome/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx#1
- ↑ Dr Amir Rezaee and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma 2015. URL accessed on 9 30 2015