Carcinoid syndrome risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

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Common risk factors in the development of carcinoid syndrome include age (50 years or older), female gender, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, neurofibromatosis type 1, atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of carcinoid syndrome include:

• Age (50 years or older)
• Gender (female)
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
• Neurofibromatosis type 1
• Atrophic gastritis
• Pernicious anemia
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome