Bladder cancer surgery

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Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [1]

Overview

Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for bladder cancer.

Surgery

• Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for bladder cancer.
• The type of surgery depend on the type and the stage of the tumor.

• Transurethral resection (TUR)

• A transurethral resection (TUR) is also called a cystoscopic resection or a transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT).
• Transurethral resection is used as the first treatment for all bladder cancers. It may be the only treatment needed for bladder cancer that hasn’t grown into the muscle layer of the bladder wall.
• For bladder cancer that has grown deeper into the bladder wall, a TUR usually removes most of the tumor and also acts as a biopsy before other treatment is given.

• Partial cystectomy

• Partial cystectomy is a segmental cystectomy removes the tumor and part of the bladder.
• Partial cystectomy may be an option if:

• The patient has a small tumor that can easily be removed with clear margins.
• The tumor is in an abnormal pouch on the bladder wall.
• The patient isn't healthy enough to have more extensive surgery.

• Radical cystectomy

• Radical cystectomy removes all of the bladder along with the surrounding fatty tissue and nearby lymph nodes.

• Urinary diversion

• Urinary diversion is used to create a urinary path needed after the bladder is removed with a radical cystectomy.