Myeloproliferative neoplasm natural history, complications, and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]

Overview

If left untreated, patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm may progress to develop weight loss, fever, and night sweats. Common complications of myeloproliferative neoplasm include splenomegaly, bleeding, and thrombosis. Prognosis is generally good with treatment, and the 3-year survival rate of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm is approximately 35%.^[1]^[2]

Natural History

The symptoms of myeloproliferative neoplasm usually develop in the sixth decade of life, and start with symptoms such as anorexia, weigh loss, and fatigue. Without treatment, the patient will develop symptoms of fever, abdominal pain, and bruising which may eventually lead to death.^[1]^[2]

Complications

Myeloproliferative neoplasm may lead to the following complications:^[3]^[2]

Infections

Bleeding

Thrombosis

Spleen

Fatigue
Anemia
Weight loss
Leukocytosis

Priapism

Hyperuricemia

Prognosis

The prognosis of Myeloproliferative neoplasm is good with treatment. Without treatment, Myeloproliferative neoplasm may result in death. The 5- and 10-year survival rates for myeloproliferative neoplasm are 74% to 93% and 61% to 84%, respectively.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ma X, Does M, Raza A, Mayne ST (2007). "Myelodysplastic syndromes: incidence and survival in the United States". Cancer. 109 (8): 1536–42. doi:10.1002/cncr.22570. PMID 17345612.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Agarwal MB, Malhotra H, Chakrabarti P, Varma N, Mathews V, Bhattacharyya J; et al. (2015). "Myeloproliferative neoplasms working group consensus recommendations for diagnosis and management of primary myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocythemia". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 36 (1): 3–16. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.151770. PMC 4363847. PMID 25810569.
↑ Bittencourt RI, Vassallo J, Chauffaille Mde L, Xavier SG, Pagnano KB, Nascimento AC; et al. (2012). "Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms". Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 34 (2): 140–9. doi:10.5581/1516-8484.20120034. PMC 3459391. PMID 23049404.

[pmid17345612-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Ma X, Does M, Raza A, Mayne ST (2007). "Myelodysplastic syndromes: incidence and survival in the United States". Cancer. 109 (8): 1536–42. doi:10.1002/cncr.22570. PMID 17345612.

[pmid25810569-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Agarwal MB, Malhotra H, Chakrabarti P, Varma N, Mathews V, Bhattacharyya J; et al. (2015). "Myeloproliferative neoplasms working group consensus recommendations for diagnosis and management of primary myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocythemia". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 36 (1): 3–16. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.151770. PMC 4363847. PMID 25810569.

[pmid23049404-3] Bittencourt RI, Vassallo J, Chauffaille Mde L, Xavier SG, Pagnano KB, Nascimento AC; et al. (2012). "Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms". Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 34 (2): 140–9. doi:10.5581/1516-8484.20120034. PMC 3459391. PMID 23049404.

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