Sandbox:DDx HEENT

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  • Asymptomatic hypercalcemia
  • May have abdominal pain, constipation, renal colic, depression, and bone fractures


  • Mass is not palpable in most cases
  • Elevated PTH
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Hypophosphatemia


  • >1cm in size
  • homogeneously hypoechoic mass with an echogenic thyroid capsule on U/S
  • increased uptake on sestamibi scan


  • Cellular, homogenous lesions
  • Chief cells with a delicate capillary network
  • Minimal mitotic activity
  • Microfollicles
  • No capsular invasion
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