Polycythemia vera natural history, complications, and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]
Overview
If left untreated, patients with polycythemia vera may progress to develop headache, fatigue, and dyspnea. Common complications of polycythemia vera include bleeding, thrombosis, tinnitus , and splenomegaly. Prognosis is generally good with treatment, and the median survival for patients with polycythemia vera is around 10.9 to 27.8 years.[1]
Natural History
The symptoms of polycythemia vera usually develop in the sixth decade of life, and start with symptoms such as headache and fatigue.[2]
Complications
Polycythemia vera may lead to the following complications:[2][3][4][5][6][7]
- Deep venous thrombosis
- Pulmonary embolism
- Myocardial infarction
- Stroke
- Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Splanchnic vein thrombosis
Prognosis
The prognosis of polycythemia vera is good with treatment. Without treatment, polycythemia vera will result in death.[1]
Gallery
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![Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image of the brain demonstrating numerous small foci of restricted diffusion scattered within the left frontoparietal cortex, subcortical white matter, and centrum semiovale. These foci are consistent with an acute embolic ischemic infarction shower within the left middle cerebral artery distribution.[3]](/images/b/b9/MRI-PV.jpeg)
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image of the brain demonstrating numerous small foci of restricted diffusion scattered within the left frontoparietal cortex, subcortical white matter, and centrum semiovale. These foci are consistent with an acute embolic ischemic infarction shower within the left middle cerebral artery distribution.[3]
![Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image of the brain demonstrating numerous small foci of restricted diffusion scattered within the left frontoparietal cortex, subcortical white matter, and centrum semiovale. These foci are consistent with an acute embolic ischemic infarction shower within the left middle cerebral artery distribution.[3]](/index.php/File:MRI-PV.jpeg)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tefferi A, Rumi E, Finazzi G, Gisslinger H, Vannucchi AM, Rodeghiero F; et al. (2013). "Survival and prognosis among 1545 patients with contemporary polycythemia vera: an international study". Leukemia. 27 (9): 1874–81. doi:10.1038/leu.2013.163. PMC 3768558. PMID 23739289.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Canadian Cancer Society.2015.http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/leukemia/leukemia/polycythemia-vera/?region=ab
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Zoraster RM, Rison RA (2013). "Acute embolic cerebral ischemia as an initial presentation of polycythemia vera: a case report". J Med Case Rep. 7: 131. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-7-131. PMC 3668271. PMID 23683307.
- ↑ Buzas C, Sparchez Z, Cucuianu A, Manole S, Lupescu I, Acalovschi M (2009). "Budd-Chiari syndrome secondary to polycythemia vera. A case report". J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 18 (3): 363–6. PMID 19795034.
- ↑ Biagioni E, Pedrazzi P, Marietta M, Di Benedetto F, Villa E, Luppi M; et al. (2013). "Successful liver transplantation in a patient with splanchnic vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism due to polycythemia vera with Jak2v617f mutation and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia". J Thromb Thrombolysis. 36 (3): 352–4. doi:10.1007/s11239-012-0832-5. PMID 23277116.
- ↑ Reikvam H, Tiu RV (2012). "Venous thromboembolism in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera". Leukemia. 26 (4): 563–71. doi:10.1038/leu.2011.314. PMID 22076463.
- ↑ "Erratum: Borderud SP, Li Y, Burkhalter JE, Sheffer CE and Ostroff JS. Electronic cigarette use among patients with cancer: Characteristics of electronic cigarette users and their smoking cessation outcomes. Cancer. doi: 10.1002/ cncr.28811". Cancer. 121 (5): 800. 2015. PMID 25855820.