Ovarian germ cell tumor ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

Dysgerminomas^[1]

They may be seen as a septated ovarian mass with varying echotexture
Color Doppler interrogation may show prominent flow signal within the fibrovascular septa

Ovarian dermoid^[2]

Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality. Typically an ovarian dermoid is seen as a cystic adnexal mass with some mural components. Most lesions are unilocular.
The spectrum of sonographic features includes:
Diffusely or partially echogenic mass with posterior sound attenuation owing to sebaceous material and hair within the cyst cavity
Echogenic interface at the edge of mass that obscures deep structures: the tip of the iceberg sign
Mural hyperechoic Rokitansky nodule: dermoid plug
Echogenic, shadowing calcific or dental (tooth) components
Presence of fluid-fluid levels
Multiple thin, echogenic bands caused by hair in the cyst cavity: the dot-dash pattern
Color Doppler: no internal vascularity
Internal vascularity requires further workup to exclude a malignant lesion

Immature ovarian teratoma^[3]

Ultrasound appearance can be as a heterogeneous adnexal mass although is non-specific. Calcifications may be present

Ovarian yolk sac tumor^[4]

Ovarian choriocarcinoma^[5]

On imaging, choriocarcinomas appear as vascular solid tumors with cystic, haemorrhagic, and necrotic areas.

↑ Ovarian dysgerminoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-dysgerminoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
↑ Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mature-cystic-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
↑ Immature ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/immature-ovarian-teratoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
↑ Ovarian yolk sac tumour. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-yolk-sac-tumour. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015
↑ Ovarian choriocarcinoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ovarian-choriocarcinoma. URL Accessed on November 11, 2015