Osteoma pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Overview

Osteoma is a slow growing benign tumor of bone, occurring most commonly in the craniofacial skeletal structures, mainly in the nasal and paranasal (75-90%) cavities.[1] Osteoma arises from bone overgrowth, which is normally composed of connective tissue. Osteomas are slow growing tumors composed of compact or mature trabecular bone limited to craniofacial bones. The most common gene affected in multiple osteoma is the APC gene.

Pathogenesis

Osteoma arises from bone overgrowth, which is normally composed of connective tissue. Osteomas are slow growing tumors composed of compact or mature trabecular bone limited to craniofacial bones. These tumors occur mainly in the nasal and paranasal (75-90%) cavities.

Genetics

The hallmark of multiple osteomas is a mutation in the APC gene, that results in the Gardner syndrome.

Associated Conditions

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, osteomas have a spongy to densely appearance, conformed of a blastic juxtacortical mass.

Microscopic Pathology

On microscopic histopathological analysis, slow-growing, bone-forming tumor can be shown with the presence of dense, compact mature bone in paucicellular fibrous stroma. Large trabeculae of mature, lamellar bone can be also be seen.

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References

  1. Abdel Tawab HM, Kumar V R, Tabook SM (2015). "Osteoma presenting as a painless solitary mastoid swelling". Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2015: 590783. doi:10.1155/2015/590783. PMC 4341844. PMID 25767729. Vancouver style error: name (help)