Lymphogranuloma venereum epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
Lymphogranuloma venereum is rare in developed countries but
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- True incidence is unknown in the United States since national reporting of lyphogranulmoa venereum (LGV) ended in 1995.
- Between 2003 and 2012, approximately 2,000 cases of LGV were reported in the United Kingdom.[1]
Age
- LGV is seen in sexually active individuals, ranging from ages 15 to 40 years.
Gender
- LGV affects both sexes equally.
- Males typically present at earlier stages and females at later stages.
- LGV is commonly seen in men who have sex with men (MSM) presenting as proctitis.[2]
Race
- Although race is not a risk factor, most cases of LGV are among white, homosexual males.
Developed Countries
- LGV is uncommon in developed countries but outbreaks have occurred since 2003 among the MSM population in the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany and United States.[3][4]
Developing Countries
- LGV is endemic to tropical regions of the world, including the Caribbean, Africa, and Southeast Asia.[5]
References
- ↑ de Vries, Henry J.C.; van der Bij, Akke K.; Fennema, Johan S.A.; Smit, Colette; de Wolf, Frank; Prins, Maria; Coutinho, Roel A.; MorrÉ, Servaas A. (2008). "Lymphogranuloma Venereum Proctitis in Men Who Have Sex With Men Is Associated With Anal Enema Use and High-Risk Behavior". Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 35 (2): 203–208. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31815abb08. ISSN 0148-5717.
- ↑ Ward H, Alexander S, Carder C, Dean G, French P, Ivens D; et al. (2009). "The prevalence of lymphogranuloma venereum infection in men who have sex with men: results of a multicentre case finding study". Sex Transm Infect. 85 (3): 173–5. doi:10.1136/sti.2008.035311. PMC 2683989. PMID 19221105.
- ↑ Kapoor, S (2008). "Re-emergence of lymphogranuloma venereum". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 22 (4): 409–416. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02573.x. ISSN 0926-9959.
- ↑ Ward, Helen; Martin, Iona; Macdonald, Neil; Alexander, Sarah; Simms, Ian; Fenton, Kevin; French, Patrick; Dean, Gillian; Ison, Catherine (2007). "Lymphogranuloma Venereum in the United Kingdom". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (1): 26–32. doi:10.1086/509922. ISSN 1058-4838.
- ↑ Mabey D, Peeling RW (2002). "Lymphogranuloma venereum". Sex Transm Infect. 78 (2): 90–2. PMC 1744436. PMID 12081191.